Equipment: how a camera works

First of all, a camera is basically a box with a hole in the front that allows light to enter. The light rays are what form the actual image, or picture. Formerly, that light was captured onto film. Now that light is usually captured digitally and the results are stored on a memory card. Here are a few basic terms that relate to camera functions:

LENS--a glass piece that allows the light to enter the camera and also focuses the exact direction of the light. The lens sits in the hole in the front of the camera and is focused by rotating a ring on the lens (Pictured: the first ring with numbers on the lens).

APERTURE--the size of the hole and sits just behind the lens. The purpose of the aperture is to limit the exact amount of light entering the camera at any one time. The size of the aperture is changed by rotating a ring on the lens (Pictured:The ring closest to the camera).


HOT SHOE--a metal connection on the top of a camera that allows it to synchronize with a flash unit. Pictured in the top middle of the camera.

Also pictured on the left is an additional exposure dial, but since that is more advanced I will no cover it on this post.

SHUTTER--blocks the light from reaching the film until the you decide to take a picture (known as "exposing" the film). The shutter is inside the camera and can only be seen when the lens is removed. Shutter speed dial is the dial on the right of the camera, currently set to "P."

VIEWFINDER--designed to show the photographer what is being framed. Film cameras have a small box that the photographer must look through with one eye, while digital cameras usually have an LCD screen in addition to the traditional viewfinder.

SHUTTER RELEASE--the button that tells that camera to do its job.

Mirror shown in the down position where it normally rests. Shutter is closed.

Equipment: types of cameras

The market is flooded with a variety of cameras and it is easy to get confused as to the difference between the types. Here is a breakdown on the basics and who might find them useful.

SLR--Single Lens Reflex camera (this is the type of camera pictured). An SLR contains a mirror between the aperture and the shutter that reflects the light entering the camera. When the shutter is closed, the light is reflected through a prism and into the viewfinder. When the shutter is open, the mirror swings out of the way to allow light to pass directly onto the film. They also have lenses that are separate from the camera body so you can change the type of lens.

Benefits: One of the beauties of this setup is that the viewfinder accurately shows exactly the same image that will be recorded onto the film. SLRs almost always have interchangeable lenses so you can select the lens that best fits the occasion. ie, a telephoto for wildlife or sports, and a wide angle for landscapes or architecture. SLRs are also, depending on manufacturer, very dependable. Once you learn to use an SLR, they are very simple.

Drawbacks: They are a bit more complicated to learn to use than a point and shoot camera. They tend to be a bit larger and heavier than a point and shoot.

You might want an SLR if the idea of a little more control over your photos appeals to you. If you don't mind a little bit of a learning curve, then you will have fun with an SLR. Also if your friends are always asking to borrow your camera, and returning it broken, this is the camera for you! :)

Point and shoot: These cameras tend to include everything but the kitchen sink. The "brain" inside the camera focuses the lens on whatever object is in the center of the focusing grid, selects the proper shutter speed, and fires the flash. Unlike the SLR, the viewfinder is merely a small hole with a lens in the top of the camera, to the image you see with be slightly different than the image recorded on film.

Benefits: Usually smaller and lighter weight than an SLR. Takes little time to learn how to use. Can use one-handed.

Drawbacks: The camera controls the shutter speed, focus, and metering and photographer has few options.

You might want a point and shoot if you do not have time to learn to use an SLR. If you are always on the go, this type is easy to stick in a pocket, purse, or sports bag to take pictures of the basketball games or a snapshot with friends. This camera is less about professional shots than a fun shot.

My wish for you

Have you ever had a wonderful event that you wanted to remember forever, but were certain that time would start dimming that once-sparkling memory? Or have you ever visited someplace marvelous and wanted a beautiful photo to hang on your wall? How many times have you held the print in your hand and been completely disappointed by the results? If you can identify with these feelings, then keep reading. Photography is one of the things that I am passionate about and my goal in writing this blog is to demystify the process of taking great pictures. Hopefully I can help you create photos that help you take pictures that are vivid, beautiful pieces that you can be proud of; photos that help you remember the important people and events in your life.



Happy shooting!